An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. 98 percent of all microprocessors are manufactured as components of embedded systems.

The Intel MCS-51 (8051) is a CISC instruction set, single-chip microcontroller developed by Intel in 1980. Its architecture integrates CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O, and timers into one powerful package.